en2015-08-18 17:18 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValueA generic classification of types of natural hazards.internal by valueen2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/geologicalHydrological:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/geologicalHydrologicalProcesses that have a geological (geosphere) or hydrological (hydrosphere) nature (or origin).Some of the processes here included are clearly addressed as geological in the scientific literature, such as volcanic hazards or earthquake hazards, whereas other processes cannot be understood without geological and hydrological input, such as certain types of landslides (that can be triggered and mobilised by water), or floods (highly dependent on soil infiltration properties, topography, water table fluctuations), etc.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/tsunami:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/tsunamiLong wave disruption in a large water body reaching emerged land.Tsunamis can be triggered by earthquakes, landslide, volcanic explosions, meteorites, etc. Even though it is a certain type of flood it is usually considered as a separated process.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/volcanic:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/volcanicAn opening, or rupture, in the Earth's crust that allows hot magma, ash and gases to escape.Process directly linked to volcanic eruptions are expected to be included in this category, such as lahars, jökulhaups, ash fall, volcanic explosions, freatic explosions, etc.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/earthquake:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/earthquakeEarthquake hazards involve the propagation of elastic waves at or near the surface after the release of tectonic stress or other natural sources, such as volcanic explosions or meteorite impacts.Liquefaction, ground shaking and other effects directly caused by seismic waves should also be included in this category. Processes that might be triggered by other processes might fit best in other classes.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/subsidenceAndCollapse:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/subsidenceAndCollapseSubsidence and collapse involve mainly vertical downwards ground movement of the surface of the Earth due to different processes of rock or soil weathering or rock compaction to a point where the rock structure cannot bear its own load (collapse) or causing relatively slow downwards movements (subsidence).Subsidence and collapse can be associated with carbonate rocks in karstic areas, but it can occur in other regions such as loessic soils or compressible soils.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/landslide:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/landslideProcesses of downhill slope movements of soil, rock, and organicMaterials related to different types of ground failure.Some common terms used for describing different types of landslides include but are not restricted to slides, rock fall, debris flow.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/snowAvalanche:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/snowAvalancheA snow mass with typically a volume greater than 100 m3 and a minimum length of 50 meters that slides rapidly downhill.Snow avalanches usually incorporate materials swept along the path of the snow avalanche, such as trees, rocks, etc. Avalanche formation is the result of a complex interaction between terrain, snow pack and meteorological conditionsen2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/flood:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/floodProcesses of inundation of usually dry (emerged) land, or temporary covering by water of land not normally covered by water.Floods can be of many types (flash floods, river overflow, tidal floods), and can have many triggers (precipitation, natural water reservoir dam failure, river channel obstruction, etc). Tsunamis and a storm surges are usually considered as a different natural hazard.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/toxicOrRadioactive:2http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/toxicOrRadioactivehttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/toxicOrRadioactive:1Processes related to the nature of substances that might pose a threat to human health.Asbestos, natural radioactivity or gas emanation are some examples of hazards within this categoryen2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/meteorologicalClimatological:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/meteorologicalClimatologicalProcesses that have a meteorological (atmospheric) or climatic (changes in the long-run of environmental variables) nature (or origin).en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/drought:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/droughtSustained and extensive occurrence of below-average water availability, caused by climate variability.Drought should not be confused with aridity, which is a long-term average feature of a dry climate. Likewise, drought should not be confused with water scarcity, which reflects conditions of long-term imbalances between water availability and demands. Droughts can affect both high and low rainfall areas of Europe and can develop over short periods of weeks and months or much longer periods of several seasons, years and even decades.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/extremeTemperature:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/extremeTemperatureAn abnormal temperature rise or decrease lasting longer than usual temperature rise or drop.Heat waves or cold waves.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/tornadosAndHurricanesStrongWinds:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/tornadosAndHurricanesStrongWindsViolent (high speed) winds.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/lightning:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/lightningDischarge of atmospheric electricity.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/stormSurge:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/stormSurgeWater pushed from the sea onto the land caused by an atmospheric disruption such as a hurricane or a rapid change in atmospheric pressure.Although a storm surge is a kind of flood, it is usually considered as a separated class.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/fires:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/firesThis category includes all types of processes that involve the occurrence and spreading of fire.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/forestFireWildfire:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/forestFireWildfireFire occurrence and spreading on vegetated land.Forest fire means fire which breaks out and spreads on forest and other wooded land or which breaks out on other land and spreads to forest and other wooded land. The definition of forest fire excludes prescribed or controlled burning, usually with the aim of reducing or eliminating the quantity of accumulated fuel on the ground (Regulation EC 2152/2003 - Forest Focus). Wildland Fire: Any fire occurring on wildland regardless of ignition sources, damages or benefits (FAO, 2011, Wildland Fire Management Terminology, FAO, updated September 2010).en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/undergroundFires:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/undergroundFiresFire spreading below the surface, typically occurring in peat rich soils.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/biological:2http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/biologicalhttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/biological:1Processes that are directly linked to living organisms or products produced by living organisms.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/infestation:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/infestationAbnormal population increase of living organisms.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/epidemic:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/epidemicAn outbreak of a disease that spreads rapidly among individuals in an area or population.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/allergens:2http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/allergenshttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/allergens:1Biological products or substances (such as pollen) that might cause allergy over a large number of people.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/cosmic:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/cosmicProcesses from outer space.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/meteoriteImpact:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/meteoriteImpactSolid materials from outer space reaching the Earth.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/magneticDisruption:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/magneticDisruptionDisturbances of the magnetic field of the Earth.en2015-08-18 17:35 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/solarAndCosmicRadiation:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/solarAndCosmicRadiationRadiation from outer space (UV, gamma ray, etc).en2015-08-18 18:13 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/otherGeologicalHydrological:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/otherGeologicalHydrologicalAny process not already addressed within other geological or hydrological categoriesSand dune movements, soil erosion, maelstroms, iceberg movements among other processes can be included here.en2015-08-18 18:13 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/otherMeteorologicalClimatological:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/otherMeteorologicalClimatologicalAny process not already addressed within other meteorological / Climatological categoriesNatural desertification can be included in this category.en2015-08-18 18:13 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/otherBiological:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/otherBiologicalOther biological hazards not already addressed within other biological categoriesPrions and other toxic substances produced by (or within) living organisms can be included here.en2015-08-18 18:13 PM CESThttp://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/otherCosmic:1http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/codelist/NaturalHazardCategoryValue/otherCosmicOther cosmic hazards not already addressed within other cosmic categoriesenSubsidence and collapseenNatural ground instabilityenNatural ground movementenAnthropogenic ground instability